Everything about Physicist totally explained
A
physicist is a
scientist who studies or practices
physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many
branches of physics spanning all length scales: from
sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made (
particle physics) to the behavior of the material
Universe as a whole (
cosmology).
Education
Most material a student encounters in the undergraduate physics curriculum is based on discoveries and insights of a century or more in the past.
Newton’s laws of motion were formulated in the 17th century;
Maxwell's equations, 19th century; and
quantum mechanics, early 20th century. The undergraduate physics curriculum generally includes the following range of courses:
chemistry,
classical physics,
astronomy, physics laboratory,
electricity and magnetism,
thermodynamics,
optics,
modern physics,
quantum physics,
nuclear physics,
solid state physics. Undergraduate physics students must also take extensive mathematics courses (
calculus,
differential equations, advanced calculus), and computer science and programming. Undergraduate physics students often perform research with faculty members.
Many positions, especially in research, require a
doctoral degree. At the
Master's level and higher, students tend to specialize in a particular field. Fields of specialization include experimental and theoretical
astrophysics,
atomic physics,
molecular physics,
biophysics,
chemical physics,
geophysics,
material science,
nuclear physics,
optics,
particle physics, and
plasma physics.
Post-doctoral experience may be required for certain positions.
Employment
The three major employers of career physicists are academic institutions, government laboratories, and private industry, with the largest employer being the last. Many people who are trained as physicists, however, use their skills in other parts of the economy, in particular in
engineering,
computing, and
finance. Some physicists take up careers where their knowledge of physics can be combined with further training in other disciplines, such as
patent law in industry or private practice. In the United States, a majority of those in the private sector with a physics degree work outside physics, astronomy and engineering altogether.
Honors and Awards
The highest honor awarded to physicists is the
Nobel Prize in Physics, awarded since 1901 by the
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Physicist'.
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